Background This study set out to offer a three-dimensional description of scapular kinematics and scapulohumeral rhythm (SHR) of healthy subjects during arm elevation and lowering, as well as to ...

To identify patients with decreased scapular motion and to allow a more targeted treatment of these patients, physiotherapists require a reliable and easily performed clinical assessment method. One ...

The scapula has its own set of joint actions: The shoulder girdle has a set of joint actions specific to motion of the scapula. Although this may seem like just another set of confusing terms to ...

Background Gymnastic sports requires repetitive high load overhead movements that can lead to upper extremity injury. The scapula and the shoulder play a vital role in injury-free performance.