A very simple but highly efficient combination lock circuit is shown in the figure. Any type of on/off switches can be used, varying from commercially available inexpensive types to more sophisticated ...

A previous Design Idea describes a circuit that uses an astable multivibrator to drive an LED (Reference 1). The circuit in Figure 1 uses a simpler alternative approach. The circuit uses a 2N3904 NPN ...

There are many applications for one or two transistors. These can include voltage and current amplification useful for interfacing between other system blocks (perhaps ICs). Described in this series ...

In this lesson, students build two circuits and explore how transistors function. When Bell Labs introduced the transistor in June of 1948, a spokesman proudly announced "This cylindrical object . . .

Thermocouples and their leads often have to detect open-circuit or short-circuit faults. However, it is very difficult to distinguish a valid millivolt temperature signal from an open/short-circuited ...

This resource provides clear explanations of how switching regulators work and how voltage boosting is achieved efficiently in practical circuits. A Joule Thief circuit is a small, energy-efficient ...

Transistors are tiny electronic components that act as switches and amplifiers, and they dwell at the heart of modern technology. In simple terms, a transistor can turn a flow of electricity on or off ...

Analog circuit design using MOS transistors represents a dynamic and rapidly evolving field that is integral to modern electronics. Exploiting the inherent advantages of MOS technology—such as ...