Maintaining a consistent, high-density E. coli culture under consistent growth conditions allows the system to perform ...

The recent trend in bioprocess development toward small bioreactors and high cell densities presents challenges for accurate on-line monitoring of liquid cell cultures. Traditional on-line optical ...

Schematic of a typical bioreactor. Key components include the reactor tank, agitation system, feeding pump, thermal jacket, submerged aerator, and sensor probes for monitoring and maintaining optimal ...

Raman spectroscopy has a wide range of applications as it can detect subtle changes in intricate aqueous systems, including the analysis of biopharmaceutical processes such as cell growth in ...